Getting Started-da

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=Under udarbejdelse=

Hvad er aMule?

aMule er et p2p, eller "peer-to-peer-program" til eD2k-netværket, almindeligt kendt som eDonkey network eller "eD2k network" 

(eDonkey2000). Denne guide kræver intet forhåndskendskab med disse netværk (selvom det hjælper), men det er nødvendigt at have aMule installeret på din computer.

Hvis du endnu ikke har installeret aMule, henvises til dit styresystems respektive installationsguide, som kan findes via main page.

--Xaignar 01:12, 10 Jul 2004 (CEST)

Første gang aMule startes

Først, start aMule. Dette kan gøres ved at køre kommandoen "amule" i et kommandovindue, eller med den metode der tilgængelig via din "distro" og/eller skærmbillede-vælger i form af ikoner og så videre.


Når programmet kører vil aMule, såfremt du benytter CVS-versionen, vise en beskedboks, der fortæller, at programmet køres for første gang. Læs dette, så du ved hvad du er ved at rode dig ind i ;)

Konfigurér aMule

Før du begynder at dele filer, skal aMule instilles korrekt. Dette inkluderer forbindelse (hastighed og begrænsninger), mapper som skal benyttes, proxy, instillinger af porte m.m. Instillingerne for aMule åbnes ved at klikke på Preferences/Instillinger øvert i aMule-vinduet.

Forbindelseshastighed

Det skal gøres klart, at dDonkey-programmer håndhæver "upload". Dette betyder at for at modtage filer er man nødt til at dele filer selv (bare rolig, hvis du ikke har nogen filer du kan dele). Dette håndhæves på to måder:

  • Hastigheden der hentes med (download" er afhængig af hvor hurtigt du sender filer (upload). Hvis din upload-hastighed er sat til under 10kb/s, så vil den maksimale download-hastighed blive sat til tre eller fire gange upload-hastigheden (læs: dette for at få yderligere informationer).

Altså: hvis du har sat grænsen for din upload-hastighed til 5kb/s vil du kun kunne hente med 20 kb/s.

  • Delvist hentede filer er også delte. Efter blot én chunk (en chunk er en 9.28Mb bid af en fil(chunk≈bid)) er hentet deles filen automatisk.

Note: Hvis man nogensinde går ind på aMule forum eller IRC-kanalen for at klage over dette, eller for at forlange at forholdet (mellem up- og download) ændres, vil forfatteren af teksten (Xaignar) angiveligt, personligt opspore vedkommend, for at æde dennes milt.

Når Preferences/Instillinger åbnes, ses først General/Generelt. Dette skærmbillede indeholder overordnede instillinger, som f.eks. det nickname andre ser, når de henter fra eller sender til dig. For at gå videre, klik på fanen Connection/Forbindelse:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/Limits.png

De eneste instillinger som er relevante i denne guide, er instillingerne under Bandwidth Limits/Tilladte hastigheder med navnene Download og Upload. Det er ikke nødvendigt at instille en højeste upload-hastighed. Det anbefales dog, at den sættes til omkring 80 % af den tilgængelige hastighed, da det ellers kan resultere i en langsommere download-hastighed.

Når de rette instillinger er på plads kan du udforske resten af instillingerne. For at gemme instillinger trykkes OK.

Opret forbindelse til en server

Du skulle nu se skærmbilledet Servers/Servere:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/ServerDlg.png

Den tomme liste indholder normalt servere du kender, men da det er første gang programmet kører, kender du jo ikke nogen. For at rette op på dette, klik i feltet med teksten http://www.srv1000.com/azz/server.met og tryk enter. En beskedboks dukker op, luk den igen når den er færdig med at hente.

Nu skulle listen med servere gerne være fuld. Hvis den ikke er det, så søg på google efter: server.met og placer filen i mappen .aMule på harddisken. Listen skulle gerne se ud som følgende:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/ServerList.png

Nu skal du forbindes til en server. Normalt er det en god idé at vælge en mange så mange brugere som muligt, men klik blot på den store Connect/Forbind-knap øverst til venstre i skærmbilledet. Prgrammet vil nu forbinde til en tilfældig server. Vent mens aMule kontakter serverne og forsøger at etablere en forbindelse. Når den har gjort det, fortsæt til næste afsnit.

Højt og lavt ID

Fordi [[P2P|p2p]-netværk virker ved at forbinde clients/brugere direkte til hinanden, kan firewalls eller routere, der ikke (kan) lade(r) traffik på bestemte porte passere, være et problem. Hvis du ikke ved om du er bag en firewall eller ej, så kig på det lille piktogram med en globus nederst til højre i skærmbilledet. Hvis den pile er grønne, så har du et højt ID og kan uden videre fortsætte. Hvis de derimod er gule, er du nødt til at tage et kig på siden om firewalls og/eller common problems/almindelige problemer, da dét at have et lavt ID reducerer p2p væsentligt.

Grundlæggende brug

Dette afsnit vil beskrive den grundlæggende brug af aMule.

Søgning og hentning

Det er dét p2p går ud på: At downloade filer.

For the sake of this guide, I'll presume that you are really keen on downloading the latest Knoppix CD (who isn't?). To download this, first ensure that you are connected to a server and then click on the "Searches" button.

This will bring up the search dialog:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/SearchDlg.png

Since we only care about CD images, we click on "Extended Options" and select the option "CD-Images" from the "Type" dropdown menu. Also select the "Local Search" setting, since we don't really need to search anything other than the currently connected server. Then we enter Knoppix in the top "Name" field and hit enter or the "Search" button. You should now have a listful of results:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/SearchResults.png

Lets sort the list by sources, by clicking twice on the field marked "Sources", this makes it easier to find popular files. The second one looks interesting, so we double-click on it (or click on it and then on the "Download" button). This will queue the file for download.

Results can be displayed in a number of colors, which signify the following:

  • Blue represents the number of sources, the more sources the darker the blue.
  • Red represents files that you are currently downloading.
  • Green is for files you have downloaded or shared before, in other words files you already have.

The Download Queue

Click on the "Transfers" button to bring forth a list of files you have queued for download:

http://www.amule.org/dev-up/DownloadQueue.png

If you're lucky, the progress bar will turn a nice dark shade of blue, which means that a lot of people have that file (read this to know more about it). Beware of files that have parts marked in red, since it means that no-one has that part of the file and you most likely wont be able to complete the download.

If you double-click on any of the files, you can see the sources you have found for that file.

Of Rows and Columns

These are the columns of the Download Queue:

Filename 
The name of the file.
Size 
The size of the file. The eDonkey2000 network supports files up to 4GB in size (read more about this).
Transferred 
Shows the amount downloaded.
Completed 
This column displays how much of the file you have actually completed. Please note that this can differ from the Transferred column because of corruptions or gains made by the compression *Mule clients use (read more about this difference).
Progress 
This bar displays the current progress of the file, the colours signifying the following (alternative resource):
  • Blue: How many sources provide this part, the darker the colour, the more sources provide it.
  • Red: There are no known sources that provide this part.
  • Black: You have already downloaded this part.
  • Yellow: You are currently downloading this part.
The green bar on top of the larger bar gives an indication of the actual progress.
Sources 
There are 3 fields in this column, though mostly only 2 are shown (alternative resource):
<Asked Sources>[/<All Sources>] [+ <A4AF Sources> ] [(<Transferring sources>)]
'Asked Sources' are those that have been asked for the file.
'All Sources' are all sources of that file, asked and unasked.
'A4AF (Asked For Another File) Sources' are sources that provide that file, but have been asked for anther one.
'Transferring sources' are sources which are uploading that file to you at this very moment.
Priority 
The priority of the file. Files are set to auto-priority by default, which means that aMule will manage it by itself. Priorities affect how aMule allocates sources that are known to provide multiple files and thus means that high-priority files get more sources. Read more about this.
Status 
The current status of the file. Waiting means that you are waiting for sources to start uploading to you.
Time Remaining 
An guess at how fast the file will be completed. Only shows something when you are currently receiving the file.
Last Seen Complete 
This shows the last time you've seen the entire file provided by the sources you've asked.
Last Reception 
This shows the last time you were downloading parts of this file.

The Upload Queue

The upload queue can be found just beneath the download queue, and shows who are downloading files from you (you might want to read this). In case you are wondering, no, you cannot stop uploads. If you click on the blue icon next to the "Uploads" label, you can see who are queued for downloading from you, rather than the people who are actually downloading from you right now.

Icons and What They Signify

These are the icons that can be found on the Transfers page.

Where Are The Files?

Once aMule starts downloading a file, it will create a number of files to keep track of that specific download. These files can be found in the subdir .aMule/Temp in your homedir (~/.aMule/Temp), but should not be touched in most cases.

If you have incompleted downloads from eMule, you can simply place the temp files in the ~/.aMule/Temp directory if you wish for aMule to continue downloading them.

However, once a file has been completed, it will be moved away from ~/.aMule/Temp and to ~/.aMule/Incoming, where all completed files are placed by default. You can change both of these paths in the preferences should you wish to do so.

Also, please note that the .aMule directory is a hidden directory, so you might have to enable showing of hidden files in your file-mananger, should you use one such.

Sharing Files

First off, note the eDonkey2000 network is not meant to share small files such as audio clips, but instead is optimized for distribution of larger files. Also note that its your own responsibility to ensure that you do not violate any local laws regarding material shared.

You can share files in two ways in aMule:

The first method is to place the files in the "Incoming" directory (~/.aMule/Incoming on Unix like systems). After this has been done, you must either restart aMule or press the "Reload" button on the SharedFiles page.

http://www.amule.org/reload_button.png

The second method is to explicitly add shared directories in which aMule will look for files to share. This is done by clicking on the "Preferences" button and selecting the "Directories" page.

http://www.amule.org/images/screenshots/prefs7.png

From there, you can browse to the directory you wish to share via the directory-tree. Double-clicking on the folder icon will share the given directory and right-clicking on the folder icon will share the directory recursively.

Conclusion

Hopefully this brief introduction has given you an idea of how aMule works. If you feel that something is missing from this guide, please let us know or add it yourself.

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