You are looking at the HTML representation of the XML format.
HTML is good for debugging, but is unsuitable for application use.
Specify the format parameter to change the output format.
To see the non HTML representation of the XML format, set format=xml.
See the complete documentation, or API help for more information. 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<api>
  <query-continue>
    <allimages gaicontinue="User_management.PNG" />
  </query-continue>
  <query>
    <pages>
      <page pageid="21520" ns="6" title="File:The Sims Mobile Cheats - Simoleons SimCash FashionGem Generator IOS Android ,No Fake Survey 2026 (New Strategy).png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2025-12-09T23:36:18Z" user="DeltaHF" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="21473" ns="6" title="File:Township Cheats - Cash Coins Generator IOS Android 2026 (Codes Strategy).png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2025-12-09T21:02:28Z" user="DeltaHF" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="21515" ns="6" title="File:UNO and Friends Cheats - Unlimited Coins Generator (New Codes Pack).png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2025-12-09T23:21:13Z" user="DeltaHF" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="4402" ns="6" title="File:Up&amp;down queue aMuleSVN fedora gnome.png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2008-06-03T15:22:41Z" user="Festor" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
    </pages>
  </query>
</api>